General
What is standardization?
Standards are technical rules. Everybody can use those technical rules. In Germany, DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V., German Institute for Standardization) publishes and updates the valid standards. The institute is based in Berlin and administers about 29,500 DIN standards, more than 386 of whom apply to mechanical fasteners.
DIN has about 1,745 members pertaining to the different sectors of industry, craft, trade, science and services. More than 26,278 experts of the interested parties work for DIN.
The standards are developed by working groups. Draft standards are made available to all interested parties and after a period for objection published as valid standards.
To simplify the international movement of goods and to remove trade barriers, national standards are replaced with international standards.
This results in international standard definitions and descriptions, the quality standard is standardised on a high level and movement of products can be realised worldwide.
ISO, the "International Organization for Standardization" based in Geneva is responsible for standardization on an international level. More than 157 countries are members of that organisation. The results of the work are published under the name of "ISO".
Many ISO standards are adopted as European standards and thus acquire the status of a DIN standard (DIN EN ISO). Some ISO standards are directly adopted as DIN standards (DIN ISO).
Due to the obligation to adopt, the 29 members of the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) adopt European standards into the corresponding national bodies of standards. Conflicting national standards are withdrawn.
What kind of standards are there?
| DIN | German national standard |
| ISO | international standard |
| DIN ISO | German edition of an unaltered ISO standard |
| EN | European standard |
| DIN EN | German edition of a European standard |
| EN ISO | European edition of an unaltered ISO standard |
| DIN EN ISO | German edition of an EN ISO standard |
What has changed?
- Withdrawal of DIN standards without replacement, particularly with respect to locking elements
- Changed widths across flats for hexagon screws
- Changed height for hexagon nuts
- Changes in standards for threaded screws and sheet metal screws
- Changes in standards for bolts, pins, headless pins and washers for bolts
- Changed countersink angle for countersunk head screws
Further information is provided on the tab opposite and in "The Manual of Fastening Technology".
Comparison of revised standards
| Title DIN Standard | DIN | DIN EN ISO | DIN EN | DIN ISO | Comparable ISO Standard | Date of current standard/modified | Title of replacement standard | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-metal prevailing torque type hexagon nuts | (980) | 7042 | 27042 | 7042 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type (all-metal hexagon nuts), style 2 - Property classes 5, 8, 10 and 12 | Height of nut changed; width across flat according to ISO 272 included | |
| All-metal prevailing torque type hexagon nuts | (980) | 10513 | 30513 | 10513 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type all-metal hexagon nuts, style 2, with metric fine pitch thread - Property classes 8, 10 and 12 | Height of nut changed; width across flat according to ISO 272 included | |
| Clevis pins with head | (1434) | 22341 | 2341 |
1992-10 | Clevis pins with head | Only one head dimension. Partially other nominal lengths defined. | ||
| Clevis pins with head | (1435) | 22341 | 2341 |
1992-10 | Clevis pins with head | Only one head dimension. Partially other nominal lengths defined. | ||
| Clevis pins with head | (1436) | 22341 | 2341 |
1992-10 | Clevis pins with head | Only one head dimension. Partially other nominal lengths defined. | ||
| Clevis pins with head | (1444) | 22341 | 2341 |
1992-10 | Clevis pins with head | Some other nominal lengths defined | ||
| Clevis pins without head | (1433) | 22340 | 2340 |
1992-10 | Clevis pins without head | Some other nominal lengths defined | ||
| Clevis pins without head | (1443) | 22340 | 2340 |
1992-10 | Clevis pins without head | |||
| Countersunk (flat) head tapping screws with cross recess | (7982) | 7050 | 7050 |
1990-08 | Cross recessed countersunk (flat) head tapping screws (common head style) | Head dimensions and countersunk angles changed | ||
| Cross recessed countersunk (flat) head screws (Countersunk heads according to ISO) | (965) | 7046-1 | (7046) | 7046-1 |
1994-10 | Countersunk flat head screws (common head style) with type H or type Z cross recess - Property class 4.8 | Nominal size changed; head dimension changed; thread length changed; strength 8.8 included (see Part 2); penetration depth of cross slots changed | |
| Cross recessed countersunk (oval) head screws (Countersunk heads according to ISO) | (966) | 7047 | (7047) | 7047 |
1994-10 | Countersunk raised head screws (common head style) with type H or type Z cross recess - Product grade A | Nominal size changed; head dimension changed; thread length changed; strength 8.8 omitted; penetration depth of cross slots changed | |
| Cross recessed countersunk head drilling screws with tapping screw thread | (7504) | 15482 | 15482 |
2000-02 | Cross recessed countersunk head drilling screws with tapping screw thread | Standard divided into five single standards (EN ISO 10666, 15480, 15481, 15482, 15483); thread ST 3,9 omitted; hexagon head with collar and slot (Form L) omitted | ||
| Cross recessed pan head drilling screws with tapping screw thread | (7504) | 15481 | 15481 |
2000-02 | Cross recessed pan head drilling screws with tapping screw thread | Standard divided into five single standards (EN ISO 10666, 15480, 15481, 15482, 15483); thread ST 3,9 omitted; hexagon head with collar and slot (Form L) omitted | ||
| Cross recessed pan head tapping screws | (7981) | 7049 | 7049 |
1990-08 | Cross recessed pan head tapping screws | Marginal change of head dimensions. Caution with automatic feed and connection systems | ||
| Cross recessed raised countersunk head drilling screws with tapping screw thread | (7504) | 15483 | 15483 |
2000-02 | Cross recessed raised countersunk head drilling screws with tapping screw thread | Standard divided into five single standards (EN ISO 10666, 15480, 15481, 15482, 15483); thread ST 3,9 omitted; hexagon head with collar and slot (Form L) omitted | ||
| Drilling screws with tapping screw thread - Mechanical and functional properties | (7504) | 10666 | 10666 |
2000-02 | Drilling screws with tapping screw thread - Mechanical and functional properties | Standard divided into five single standards (EN ISO 10666, 15480, 15481, 15482, 15483); thread ST 3,9 omitted; hexagon head with collar and slot (Form L) omitted | ||
| Grooved pins - Full-length parallel grooved, with chamfer | (1473) | 8740 | (28740) | 8740 |
1998-03 | Grooved pins - Full-length parallel grooved, with chamfer | Nominal lengths redefined. Shear rate increased. | |
| Grooved pins - Fulllength parallel grooved, with pilot | (1470) | 8739 | (28739) | 8739 |
1998-03 | Grooved pins - Full-length parallel grooved, with pilot | Nominal lengths redefined. Shear rate increased. | |
| Grooved pins - Fulllength taper grooved | (1471) | 8744 | (28744) | 8744 |
1998-03 | Grooved pins - Full-length taper grooved | Nominal lengths redefined. Shear rate increased. | |
| Grooved pins - Half-length reverse-taper grooved | (1474) | 8741 | (28741) | 8741 |
1998-03 | Grooved pins - Half-length reverse-taper grooved | Nominal lengths redefined. Shear rate increased. | |
| Grooved pins - Half-length taper grooved | (1472) | 8745 | (28745) | 8745 |
1998-03 | Grooved pins - Half-length taper grooved | Nominal lengths redefined. Shear rate increased. | |
| Grooved pins - One-third-length centre grooved | (1475) | 8742 | (28742) | 8742 |
1998-03 | Grooved pins - One-third-length centre grooved | Nominal lengths redefined. Shear rate increased. | |
| Grooved pins with countersunk head | (1477) | 8747 | (28747) | 8747 |
1998-03 | Grooved pins with countersunk head | Chamfer redefined | |
| Grooved pins with round head | (1476) | 8746 | (28746) | 8746 |
1998-03 | Grooved pins with round head | Chamfer redefined | |
| Hexagon Bolts without Hexagon Nut - with Hexagon Nut, Type g | (601) | 4016 | (24016) | 4016 | (4016 |
2001-03 | Hexagon head bolts - Product grade C | Nominal size extended; width across flats according to DIN ISO 272 included |
| Hexagon bolts, Metric fine thread, Types m and mg | (960) | 8765 | (28765) | 8765 | (8765 |
2001-03 | Hexagon thin nuts (chamfered) with metric fine pitch thread - Product grades A and B | Nominal size extended; width across flats according to DIN ISO 272 included |
| Hexagon flange bolts | (6921) | 1665 | 8102 |
1998-11 | Hexagon bolts with flange, heavy series | Dimensions partially changed; width across flats according to ISO 272; strength 12.9 omitted | ||
| Hexagon head bolts with shank; M 1,6 to M 39 screw threads, Product grades A and B | (931-1) | 4014 | (24014) | 4014 | (4014 |
2001-03 | Hexagon head bolts - Product grades A and B | Nominal size extended; width across flats according to DIN ISO 272 included |
| Hexagon head screws - Product grades A and B | (933) | 4017 | (24017) | 4017 | (4017 |
2001-03 | Hexagon head screws - Product grades A and B | Nominal size extended; width across flats according to DIN ISO 272 included |
| Hexagon nuts with flange | (6923) | 1661 | 4161 |
1998-02 | Hexagon nuts with flange | Fine thread omitted to be included in a separate standard later); width across flat M 10 changed | ||
| Hexagon nuts; Metric Thread, Type g | (555) | 4034 | (24034) | 4034 | (4034 |
2001-03 | Hexagon nuts - Product grade C | Width across flats according to DIN ISO 272 included; nominal diameter reduced |
| Hexagon nuts; Metric screw threads; Product grades A and B | (934) | 4032 | (24032) | 4032 | (4032 |
2001-03 | Hexagon nuts, style 1 - Product grades A and B | Nominal diameter changed, height of the nut changed partially; nuts with fine thread specified in DIN EN ISO 8673; width across flats according to DIN ISO 272 included |
| Hexagon nuts; Metric screw threads; Product grades A and B | (934) | 8673 | (28673) | (8673 |
2001-03 | Hexagon nuts, style 1, with metric fine pitch thread - Product grades A and B | Nominal diameter changed, height of the nut changed partially; nuts with regular type screw thread specified in DIN EN ISO 4032; width across flats according to DIN ISO 272 included | |
| Hexagon screws, Thread Approximately to Head, Metric Thread, Type g | (558) | 4018 | (24018) | 4018 | (4018 |
2001-03 | Hexagon head screws - Product grade C | Nominal size extended; width across flats according to DIN ISO 272 included |
| Hexagon socket countersunk head screws | (7991) | 10642 | 10462 |
2004-06 (z1998- | Hexagon socket countersunk head screws | |||
| Hexagon socket head cap screws | (912) | 4762 | 4762 |
2004-06 | Hexagon socket head cap screws | Nominal size range changed; fine thread deleted (siehe ISO 21269) | ||
| Hexagon socket set screws with cone point | (914) | 4027 | 4027 |
2004-05 | Hexagon socket set screws with cone point | Nominal sizes M 1,4, M 1,8, M 14, M 18 and M 22 omitted | ||
| Hexagon socket set screws with cup point | (916) | 4029 | 4029 |
2004-05 | Hexagon socket set screws with cup point | |||
| Hexagon socket set screws with dog point | (915) | 4028 | 4028 |
2004-05 | Hexagon socket set screws with dog point | Nominal sizes M 1,4, M 1,8, M 14, M 18 and M 22 omitted | ||
| Hexagon socket set screws with flat point | (913) | 4026 | 4026 |
2004-05 | Hexagon socket set screws with flat point | Nominal sizes M 1,4, M 1,8, M 14, M 18 and M 22 omitted | ||
| Hexagon thin nuts with M 1,6 to M 10 threads | (439-1) | 4036 | (24036) | 4036 | (4036 |
2001-02 | Hexagon thin nuts (unchamfered) - Product grade B | Correlation of dimensions with DIN 439-1, except for the width across flat of the nut M 10 |
| Hexagon thin nuts with M 1,6 to M 52 and M 8x1 to M 52x3 threads | (439-2) | 4035 | (24035) | 4035 |
2001-03 | Hexagon thin nuts (unchamfered) - Product grades A and B | In tables 1 and 2 abbreviations changed and some specifications (thread dimensions) changed | |
| Hexagon thin nuts with M 1,6 to M 52 and M 8x1 to M 52x3 threads | (439-2) | 4035 | (24035) | 4035 | (4035 |
2001-03 | Hexagon thin nuts (unchamfered) - Product grades A and B | Standard divided by regular type screw threads and fine threads; width across flats according to ISO 272 changed; nominal size range changed; fine thread see ISO 8675 |
| Hexagon thin nuts with M 1,6 to M 52 and M 8x1 to M 52x3 threads | (439-2) | 8675 | (28675) | (8675 |
2001-03 | Hexagon thin nuts (unchamfered) with metric fine pitch thread - Product grades A and B | Standard divided by regular type screw threads and fine threads; width across flats according to ISO 272 changed; nominal size range changed; regular type screw thread see ISO 4035 | |
| Hexagon washers head drilling screws with tapping screw thread | (7504) | 15480 | 15480 |
2000-02 | Hexagon washers head drilling screws with tapping screw thread | Standard divided into five single standards (EN ISO 10666, 15480, 15481, 15482, 15483); thread ST 3,9 omitted; hexagon head with collar and slot (Form L) omitted | ||
| High-strength hexagon head bolts with large widths across flats for structural steel bolting | (6914) | 14399-4 | 7412 |
2006-06 | High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading - Part 4: System HV - Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies | |||
| High-strength hexagon nuts with large widths across flats for structural steel bolting | (6915) | 14399-4 | 2006-06 | High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading - Part 4: System HV - Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies | ||||
| M 8x1 to M 100x4 hexagon head bolts with fine pitch thread | (961) | 8676 | (28676) | 8676 | (8676 |
2001-03 | Hexagon head screws with metric fine pitch thread - Product grades A and B | Nominal size extended; width across flats according to DIN ISO 272 included |
| Mushroom head square neck bolts | 603 | 8677 |
1981-10 | |||||
| Parallel pins of unhardened steel and austenitic stainless steel | (7) | 2338 | (22338) | 2338 |
1998-02 | Parallel pins of unhardened steel and austenitic stainless steel | Nominal length redefined (with round end) form A+C deleted | |
| Parallel pins with internal thread | (7979) | 8735 | (28735) | 8735 |
1998-03 | Parallel pins with internal thread, of hardened and martensitic stainless steel | Dimensions partially changed | |
| Parallel pins with internal thread, of unhardened and austenitic stainless steel | (7979) | 8733 | (28733) | 8733 |
1998-03 | Parallel pins with internal thread, of unhardened and austenitic stainless steel | Dimensions partially changed | |
| Parallel pins, Hardened; Tolerance Zone m6 | (6325) | 8734 | (28734) | 8734 |
1998-03 | Parallel pins of hardened and martensitic stainless steel (Dowel pins) | Some other nominal lengths defined | |
| Plain washers - Extra large series, product grade C | (440) | 7094 | 7094 |
2000-12 | Plain washers - Extra large series, product grade C | Nominal sizes changed, nominal size 24 size "a" redefined to the maximum, square-end hole Form R omitted; (standard DIN 440 still valid) | ||
| Plain washers for clevis pins; product grade A | (1440) | 28738 | 8738 |
1992-10 | Plain washers for clevis pins; product grade A | Nominal sizes changed | ||
| Prevailing torque type - All-metal hexagon nuts with flange | (6927) | 1664 | 7044 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type - All-metal hexagon nuts with flange | Width across flat M 10 changed | ||
| Prevailing torque type all-metal hexagon nuts | (6925) | 7042 | (27042) | 7042 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type (all-metal hexagon nuts), style 2 - Property classes 5, 8, 10 and 12 | Height of nut changed; width across flat according to ISO 272 included | |
| Prevailing torque type all-metal hexagon nuts | (6925) | 10513 | (30513) | 10513 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type all-metal hexagon nuts, style 2, with metric fine pitch thread - Property classes 8, 10 and 12 | Height of nut changed; width across flat according to ISO 272 included | |
| Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts with flange (with non-metallic insert), with metric fine pitch thread | (6926) | 1666 | 12125 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts with flange (with non-metallic insert), with metric fine pitch thread | Width across flat M 10 changed | ||
| Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts with non-metallic insert | (982) | 7040 | 27040 | 7040 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts (with non-metallic insert), style 1 - Property classes 5, 8 and 10 | Height of nut changed; width across flat according to ISO 272 included | |
| Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts with non-metallic insert | (982) | 10512 | 30512 | 10512 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts (with non-metallic insert), style 1, with metric fine pitch thread - Property classes 6, 8 and 10 | Height of nut changed; width across flat according to ISO 272 included | |
| Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts with non-metallic insert | (6924) | 7040 | (27040) | 7040 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts (with non-metallic insert), style 1 - Property classes 5, 8 and 10 | Height of nut changed; width across flat according to ISO 272 included | |
| Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts with non-metallic insert | (6924) | 10512 | (30512) | 10512 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type hexagon nuts (with non-metallic insert), style 1, with metric fine pitch thread - Property classes 6, 8 and 10 | Height of nut changed; width across flat according to ISO 272 included | |
| Prevailing torque type hexagon thin nuts with non-metallic insert | (985) | 10511 | 10511 |
1998-02 | Prevailing torque type hexagon, thin nuts (with non-metallic insert) | Height of nut changed; width across flat according to ISO 272 included | ||
| Product grade A washers with a hardness from 300 HV, designed for use with hexagon head bolts and nuts | (125-2) | 7089 | 7089 |
2000-11 | Plain washers - Normal series, Product grade A | Without chamfer, up to nominal diameter 64 | ||
| Product grade A washers with a hardness from 300 HV, designed for use with hexagon head bolts and nuts | (125-2) | 7090 | 7090 |
1990-03 | Plain washers, chamfered - Normal series, Product grade A | Without chamfer, up to nominal diameter 64 | ||
| Product grade A washers with a hardness up to 250 HV, designed for use with cheese head screws | (433-1) | 7092 | 7092 |
2000-11 | Plain washers - Small series, Product grade A | Pyramid diamond hardness 140 HV cancelled; rating changed | ||
| Product grade A washers with a hardness up to 250 HV, designed for use with hexagon head bolts and nuts | (125-1) | 7089 | 7089 |
2000-11 | Plain washers - Normal series, Product grade A | Without chamfer, up to nominal diameter 64 | ||
| Product grade A washers with a hardness up to 250 HV, designed for use with hexagon head bolts and nuts | (125-1) | 7090 | 7090 |
1990-03 | Plain washers, chamfered - Normal series, Product grade A | Without chamfer, up to nominal diameter 64 | ||
| Product grade A washers with a hardness up to 300 HV, designed for use with cheese head screws | (433-2) | 7092 | 7092 |
2000-11 | Plain washers - Small series, Product grade A | Nominal sizes changed | ||
| Product grade C washers, designed for use with hexagon head bolts and nuts | (126) | 7091 | 7091 |
2000-11 | Plain washers - Normal series, Product grade C | Nominal sizes changed | ||
| Raised countersunk (oval) head; tapping screws with cross recess | (7983) | 7051 | 7051 |
1990-08 | Cross recessed raised countersunk (oval) head tapping screws | Head dimensions and countersunk angles changed | ||
| Recessed raised cheese (fillister) head screws | (7985) | 7045 | 7045 |
1994-10 | Pan head screws with type H or type Z cross recess - product grade A | Nominal size changed; head dimension changed; thread length changed; penetration depth of cross slots changed | ||
| Slotted cheese head screws - Product grade A | (84) | 1207 | 1207 |
1994-10 | Slotted cheese head screws - Product grade A | Modifications of dimensions < 2,5; dimension of slots changed; partly nominal lengths deleted; strength 8.8 deleted | ||
| Slotted countersunk (flat) head screws (Countersunk heads according to ISO) | (963) | 2009 | (2009) | 2009 |
1994-10 | Slotted countersunk flat head screws (common head style) - Product grade A | Nominal size changed; head dimension changed; thread length changed; strength 8.8 cancelled | |
| Slotted headless screws with shank | (427) | 2342 | 2342 |
2004-05 | Slotted headless screws with shank | |||
| Slotted pan head screws - Product grade A | (85) | 1580 | 1580 |
1994-10 | Slotted pan head screws - Product grade A | Thread included; dimensions of head and slot changed; strength 8.8 deleted | ||
| Slotted raised countersunk (oval) head screws (Countersunk heads according to ISO) | (964) | 2010 | (2010) | 2010 |
1994-10 | Slotted raised countersunk head screws (common head style) - Product grade A | Nominal size changed; head dimension changed; thread length changed; strength 8.8 cancelled | |
| Slotted set screws with cone point | (553) | 27434 | 7434 |
1992-10 | Slotted set screws with cone point | No modifications of dimensions | ||
| Slotted set screws with cup point | (7976) | 1479 | 1479 |
1990-08 | Hexagon head tapping screws | No modifications of dimensions | ||
| Slotted set screws with flat point | (551) | 24766 | 4766 |
1992-10 | Slotted set screws with flat point | No modifications of dimensions | ||
| Slotted set screws with long dog point | (94) | 1234 | 1234 |
1998-02 | Split pins | No modifications of dimensions | ||
| Slotted set screws with long dog point | (417) | 27435 | 7435 |
1992-10 | Slotted set screws with long dog point | No modifications of dimensions | ||
| Spring-type straight pins - Coiled, heavy duty | (7344) | 8748 | (28748) | (8748) | 8748 |
2007-06 | Spring-type straight pins - Coiled, heavy duty | Range of nominal diameters and lengths extended. Shear range changed. |
| Spring-type straight pins - Coiled, standard duty | (7343) | 8750 | (28750) | (8750) | 8750 |
2007-06 | Spring-type straight pins - Coiled, standard duty | Range of nominal diameters and lengths extended. Shear range changed. |
| Spring-type straight pins - Slotted, heavy duty | (1481) | 8752 | (28752) | 8752 |
1998-03 | Spring-type straight pins - Slotted, heavy duty | Specification "non-jamming" included; chamfer redefined; partial change of dimensions | |
| Spring-type straight pins, slotted, light duty | (7346) | 13337 | 3337 |
2009-10 | Spring-type straight pins - Slotted, light duty | Specification "non-jamming" included; chamfer redefined; partial change of dimensions | ||
| Thread rolling screws for ISO metric thread - Part 1: Technical specifications for case hardened and tempered screws | 7500-1 | (7085) | 2009-06 | Thread rolling screws for ISO-metric thread | Normative revision, values for case-hardening depth and hole size revised, torque values reduced | |||
| Unhardened taper pins | (1) | 22339 | 2339 |
1992-10 | Unhardened taper pins | Nominal length redefined (with round end) | ||
| Unhardened taper pins with external thread | (7977) | 28737 | 8737 |
1992-10 | Unhardened taper pins with external thread | Technical delivery conditions partially changed | ||
| Unhardened taper pins with internal thread | (7978) | 28736 | 8736 |
1992-10 | Unhardened taper pins with internal thread | Dimensions partially changed | ||
| Washers for hightensile bolting in steel structures | (6916) | 14399-6 | 7416 |
2006-06 | High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading - Part 6: Plain chamfered washers | |||
| Washers; outside diameter ˜ 3 x bolt diameter | (9021) | 7093-1 | 7093-1 |
2000-11 | Plain washers - Large series - Part 1: Product grade A | Dimensions partially changed | ||
| Washers; outside diameter ˜ 3 x bolt diameter | (9021) | 7093-2 | 7093-2 |
2000-11 | Plain washers - Large series - Part 2: Product grade C | Dimensions partially changed |
